Docker Basic
Install Docker (Ubuntu)
Uninstall Old Versions
sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runcSet up the Repository
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release
sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
$(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/nullInstall Docker Engine
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-pluginVerify that Docker Engine is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.
sudo docker run hello-worldDocker Images
docker images COMMANDdocker image --help
Usage: docker image COMMAND
Manage images
Commands:
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
history Show the history of an image
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
inspect Display detailed information on one or more images
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
ls List images
prune Remove unused images
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rm Remove one or more images
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
Run 'docker image COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.Ref: https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/image/
root@linuxmaster:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kB
root@linuxmaster:~# docker image pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
...
Digest: sha256:b95a99feebf7797479e0c5eb5ec0bdfa5d9f504bc94da550c2f58e839ea6914f
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
root@linuxmaster:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2b7d6430f78d 8 days ago 142MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kB
root@linuxmaster:~# docker pull alpine
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/alpine
...
Digest: sha256:bc41182d7ef5ffc53a40b044e725193bc10142a1243f395ee852a8d9730fc2ad
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
docker.io/library/alpine:latest
root@linuxmaster:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2b7d6430f78d 8 days ago 142MB
alpine latest 9c6f07244728 3 weeks ago 5.54MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kB
root@linuxmaster:~# docker image rm nginx
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:b95a99feebf7797479e0c5eb5ec0bdfa5d9f504bc94da550c2f58e839ea6914f
...
Deleted: sha256:6485bed636274e42b47028c43ad5f9c036dd7cf2b40194bd556ddad2a98eea63
root@linuxmaster:~# docker rmi alpine
Untagged: alpine:latest
Untagged: alpine@sha256:bc41182d7ef5ffc53a40b044e725193bc10142a1243f395ee852a8d9730fc2ad...
Deleted: sha256:994393dc58e7931862558d06e46aa2bb17487044f670f310dffe1d24e4d1eec7
root@linuxmaster:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kBBuild an image from a Dockerfile
docker image build --help
Usage: docker image build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -
Build an image from a Dockerfile
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
--build-arg list Set build-time variables
--cache-from strings Images to consider as cache sources
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--compress Compress the build context using gzip
--cpu-period int Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
-f, --file string Name of the Dockerfile (Default is 'PATH/Dockerfile')
--force-rm Always remove intermediate containers
--iidfile string Write the image ID to the file
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--label list Set metadata for an image
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--network string Set the networking mode for the RUN instructions during build
(default "default")
--no-cache Do not use cache when building the image
--pull Always attempt to pull a newer version of the image
-q, --quiet Suppress the build output and print image ID on success
--rm Remove intermediate containers after a successful build (default true)
--security-opt strings Security options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
-t, --tag list Name and optionally a tag in the 'name:tag' format
--target string Set the target build stage to build.
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])root@linuxmaster:~# docker image build -t firstapp:1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
Step 1/4 : FROM python:alpine
alpine: Pulling from library/python
213ec9aee27d: Pull complete
6b2a141cd227: Pull complete
a292fad6b52e: Pull complete
4593e4e33a59: Pull complete
9fc487f38654: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0c46c7f15ee201a2e2dc3579dbc302f989a20b1283e67f884941e071372eb2cc
Status: Downloaded newer image for python:alpine
---> ce4168535f30
Step 2/4 : WORKDIR /opt
---> Running in a0731f6162d6
Removing intermediate container a0731f6162d6
---> 0e888d12c01e
Step 3/4 : COPY ./app.py ./
---> 8152bff3fcb7
Step 4/4 : CMD python app.py
---> Running in 2e0cc2f2d3a9
Removing intermediate container 2e0cc2f2d3a9
---> 44f6ee3b8fe9
Successfully built 44f6ee3b8fe9
Successfully tagged firstapp:1.0
root@linuxmaster:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
firstapp 1.0 44f6ee3b8fe9 17 seconds ago 48.7MB
python alpine ce4168535f30 2 weeks ago 48.7MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kB
root@linuxmaster:~# cat Dockerfile
FROM python:alpine
WORKDIR /opt
COPY ./app.py ./
CMD python app.py
root@linuxmaster:~# cat app.py
print('Hello World!')Docker Containers
docker container COMMANDdocker container --help
Usage: docker container COMMAND
Manage containers
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers
kill Kill one or more running containers
logs Fetch the logs of a container
ls List containers
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
prune Remove all stopped containers
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
run Run a command in a new container
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.Ref: https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/container/
root@linuxmaster:~# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
root@linuxmaster:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ddc30affeab2 hello-world "/hello" 19 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 minutes ago youthful_matsumoto
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ddc30affeab2 hello-world "/hello" 20 minutes ago Exited (0) 20 minutes ago youthful_matsumoto
root@linuxmaster:~# docker build -t newapp -t newapp:1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
Step 1/6 : FROM python:alpine
---> ce4168535f30
Step 2/6 : RUN pip install flask
---> Running in 2355fe929f8a
Collecting flask
Downloading Flask-2.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (101 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 101.5/101.5 kB 8.1 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting Werkzeug>=2.2.2
Downloading Werkzeug-2.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (232 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 232.7/232.7 kB 9.0 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting itsdangerous>=2.0
Downloading itsdangerous-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (15 kB)
Collecting Jinja2>=3.0
Downloading Jinja2-3.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (133 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 133.1/133.1 kB 14.1 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting click>=8.0
Downloading click-8.1.3-py3-none-any.whl (96 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 96.6/96.6 kB 14.8 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting MarkupSafe>=2.0
Downloading MarkupSafe-2.1.1-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl (29 kB)
Installing collected packages: MarkupSafe, itsdangerous, click, Werkzeug, Jinja2, flask
Successfully installed Jinja2-3.1.2 MarkupSafe-2.1.1 Werkzeug-2.2.2 click-8.1.3 flask-2.2.2 itsdangerous-2.1.2
Removing intermediate container 2355fe929f8a
---> 5523d98df312
Step 3/6 : WORKDIR /opt
---> Running in 30fa670591f1
Removing intermediate container 30fa670591f1
---> b14b85b397bd
Step 4/6 : COPY ./app.py ./
---> 23e52c7226bf
Step 5/6 : EXPOSE 5000
---> Running in 36bfefc3e95b
Removing intermediate container 36bfefc3e95b
---> f35d9b43ba4d
Step 6/6 : CMD python ./app.py
---> Running in 39bee1319ef3
Removing intermediate container 39bee1319ef3
---> ae768a1f9832
Successfully built ae768a1f9832
Successfully tagged newapp:latest
Successfully tagged newapp:1.0
root@linuxmaster:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
newapp 1.0 ae768a1f9832 10 seconds ago 60.4MB
newapp latest ae768a1f9832 10 seconds ago 60.4MB
firstapp 1.0 44f6ee3b8fe9 8 minutes ago 48.7MB
python alpine ce4168535f30 2 weeks ago 48.7MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 11 months ago 13.3kB
root@linuxmaster:~# docker container create --name newapp newapp
1aebfdb5997f7e0ecc4dfc6c2c5d9bd431533f2f109a287405bfde1b8bf43410
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1aebfdb5997f newapp "/bin/sh -c 'python …" 36 seconds ago Created newapp
ddc30affeab2 hello-world "/hello" 24 minutes ago Exited (0) 24 minutes ago youthful_matsumoto
root@linuxmaster:~# docker container start newapp
newapp
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1aebfdb5997f newapp "/bin/sh -c 'python …" 2 minutes ago Up 49 seconds 5000/tcp newapp
root@linuxmaster:~# docker stop newapp
newapp
root@linuxmaster:~# docker rm newapp
newappRun Container in Attach mode
root@linuxmaster:~# docker run --name newapp -p 5000:5000 newapp
* Serving Flask app 'app'
* Debug mode: on
WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Running on all addresses (0.0.0.0)
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
* Running on http://172.17.0.2:5000
Press CTRL+C to quit
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 426-547-533
88.248.106.175 - - [01/Sep/2022 15:48:00] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -
88.248.106.175 - - [01/Sep/2022 15:48:01] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 -Run Container in Detach mode
root@linuxmaster:~# docker rm newapp
newapp
root@linuxmaster:~# docker run --name newapp -p 5000:5000 -d newapp
3f0328b58a6dfe22013256b3d22d028052aee0d8ab44c30446b01212d3cfd620
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3f0328b58a6d newapp "/bin/sh -c 'python …" 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp newappRun a command in a running container
root@linuxmaster:~# docker exec newapp top
Mem: 1370968K used, 610780K free, 1116K shrd, 35424K buff, 1034988K cached
CPU: 9% usr 0% sys 0% nic 90% idle 0% io 0% irq 0% sirq
Load average: 0.01 0.02 0.00 2/160 14
PID PPID USER STAT VSZ %VSZ CPU %CPU COMMAND
6 1 root S 30220 2% 0 0% /usr/local/bin/python /opt/app.py
1 0 root S 28048 1% 0 0% python ./app.py
10 0 root R 1604 0% 0 0% top
root@linuxmaster:~# docker exec -it newapp sh
/opt #
root@linuxmaster:~# ls
app.py
root@linuxmaster:~# exit--interactive or -i: Keep STDIN open even if not attached--tty or -t: Allocate a pseudo-TTY
Display detailed information on one or more containers
docker container inspect [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
docker container port CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]
# docker port newapp
5000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:5000
5000/tcp -> :::5000root@linuxmaster:~# docker logs newapp
* Serving Flask app 'app'
* Debug mode: on
WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Running on all addresses (0.0.0.0)
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
* Running on http://172.17.0.2:5000
Press CTRL+C to quit
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 120-117-977
88.248.106.175 - - [01/Sep/2022 15:52:36] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -
root@linuxmaster:~# docker top newapp
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 4792 4763 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 python ./app.py
root 4823 4792 0 15:52 ? 00:00:01 /usr/local/bin/python /opt/app.py
root 4868 4763 0 15:53 ? 00:00:00 top
root@linuxmaster:~# docker stats newapp
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
3f0328b58a6d newapp 0.21% 35.48MiB / 1.89GiB 1.83% 2.71kB / 1.02kB 0B / 0B 4Remove one or more containers
docker container rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]Remove all stopped containers
docker container prune [OPTIONS]root@linuxmaster:~# docker stop newapp
newapp
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3f0328b58a6d newapp "/bin/sh -c 'python …" 12 minutes ago Exited (0) 6 seconds ago newapp
ddc30affeab2 hello-world "/hello" 45 minutes ago Exited (0) 45 minutes ago youthful_matsumoto
root@linuxmaster:~# docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
3f0328b58a6dfe22013256b3d22d028052aee0d8ab44c30446b01212d3cfd620
ddc30affeab236d3023077f495603422c7b4a1b4ff781bbed696129c9c3fc3b1
Total reclaimed space: 111.4kBroot@linuxmaster:~# docker run firstapp:1.0
Hello World!
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
root@linuxmaster:~# docker run -d firstapp:1.0
be92a6137535579486213512d99caa6bdd557a1f4a1841558d666de0264862c8
root@linuxmaster:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMESDocker Networking
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